- Recent self-harm does not automatically rule out EMDR therapy, but careful assessment and stabilization are essential.
- Clinicians typically evaluate safety, emotional regulation capacity, coping resources, and current risk factors before trauma processing begins.
- A phased treatment approach may help clients build stability before engaging in intensive trauma-focused work.
Post by Amanda Martin PhD, LMFT-S, LPC
“Can I do EMDR with a client that has self-harmed recently?โ This is a common question in training and the key is the clinical assessment. When assessing if a client with self-harming behaviors is appropriate and ready to start EMDR, I recommend considering the following:
- Is the client motivated and willing to do EMDR? Itโs important for the client to have voice and choice in treatment.
- How serious is the self-harming behavior (requires emergency medical attention or superficial)?
- How frequent is self-harm? Are they able to go extended periods of time without self-harm (2 weeks or more)?
- Is the client able to identify the triggers for the self-harm behaviors?
- Does the client respond well to the state change exercises and other self-regulation tools? Are they able to use them when triggered to provide some self-soothing?
If the client is motivated to do EMDR, the self-harm is not life threatening or requires medical attention, is able to identify the triggers for self-harm behavior, and is able to implement state change exercises or self-regulation tools to assist with self-soothing; then I proceed with EMDR treatment. I do spend some time (several sessions) on preparation practicing state change exercises; and create a self-care plan that includes aspects of daily self-care and psychological first aid to use when triggered. If the client is able to progress with these interventions and improve self-awareness to implement the psychological first aid with self-regulation tools outside of session (abstain from self-harm for 2 weeks or more); then I proceed to EMDR phase 3-8 processing the identified targets. Itโs important to continue to check in on how the client is doing with the processing and if regression occurs, we return to preparation to stabilize before returning to processing.
FAQs
The factors therapists should assess before using EMDR with a client who recently self-harmed include current safety risks, emotional stability, coping skills, suicidal ideation, support systems, and readiness for trauma processing.
Stabilization is important before trauma-focused therapy because clients need sufficient emotional regulation skills and coping resources to manage distress that may arise during treatment.
EMDR can include preparation phases before trauma processing begins, allowing therapists to strengthen coping strategies, establish safety, and build emotional regulation skills.